Bi-Directional Amplifier (BDA) and Fiber DAS emergency communication systems are designed to enhance in-building radio frequency (RF) signal coverage for public safety use.
CODE REQUIREMENTS AND PRODUCT STANDARDS
Emergency Responder Communication Enhancement Systems (ERCES) was introduced in the 2009 International Building Code. The ERCES requirement was established to address the performance of emergency responders’ portable radios inside buildings because building construction, building size, construction features, and other elements can absorb or block radio communications.
Today's Codes, like the IBC 2021 Section 916, NFPA 1 2021 Section 11.10, IFC 2021 Section 510, 2019 NFPA 1221 Section 9.6, or 2022 NFPA 1225 Chapter 18, require all buildings to have an approved level of emergency communication coverage for emergency responders within the structure based on the existing coverage levels of the public safety communication systems of the jurisdiction at the exterior of the building.
This can be achieved by enhancing the in-building radio frequency signal coverage with an ERCES comprising a BDA / Signal Booster and Distributed Antenna System (DAS).
UL2524 product performance listing and the standard were only recently introduced for ERCES. UL2524 2nd Edition listing from an OSHA-approved NRTL (Nationally Recognized Testing Laboratory) for UL2524 provides AHJs, A&Es, and building owners the certainty from an independent third-party organization that systems are code compliant and installed BDA systems will provide reliable communications for emergency responders.
SOLVING THE COVERAGE PROBLEM
Concrete or metal construction, larger buildings, and underground structures have a negative impact on the in-building signal strength required for reliable communications.
Buildings that use low-E glass windows will attenuate the signal from public safety radio systems. Many design professionals are not aware of the ERCES requirements.
If ERCES is not referenced on a building submittal, the fire official should notify the building official and design professional in writing that the ERCES must be evaluated. If the existing radio coverage has not been maintained, ERCES must be provided.
HOW TO DETERMINE IF A BDA SYSTEM IS BENEFICIAL TO YOUR BUILDING
Typically performed by specialized FCC GROL-certified technicians and some fire department radio personnel, a RF Survey is accomplished by measuring the Downlink/Uplink signal strengths in decibels-milliwatts (dBm) using special measuring devices. Results are submitted to AHJ to determine if a BDA system is required or if a waiver is appropriate.
